I can't really tell what I'm looking at from just that one angle/perspective. Is the C-in-C main rail above and the axle perch on a bracket that sticks down from it?

It looks like some of the stiffening flanges next to where your circles are have been cut away.
Okay, I think I see it now. The floor extends to the left of the double channel rail and there are additional plates scabbed on that have the turn out lip extending down; and that is the part that was previously cut away, right?
So are you asking if it is okay to just drill and tap up into this 2 layers, or do you plan to somehow fish bolts into the "tube"? I'm not a big fan of tapping into two layers, seems kind of sketchy to me. If you can fish nuts or bolts with anti-rotation washers thru the frame, or a window in the frame located in a less stressed area, using the pull wire technique, and that really is a double wall on three sides, I would think that it would be structurally adequate (TLAR method). However you might run into trouble getting the nut to bear flat if it lands on the edge of the inner C toe.
If you can't find a way to get fasteners inside, then maybe you would be better off welding in weld nuts; or perhaps making a scab plate with nuts welded to the top side. You would drill clearance holes into the bottom of the frame at the nut locations, fit the scab plate with the nuts up inside of the frame, and then weld the scab plate along the edges.