will your roof be curved? i used 1" kerfed for my curved roof. 2" would be way harder to get the tear shape, not impossible, just harder. i have had no troubles with my roof using the 1" stuff.
i have not made any shelves yet with foam, so can't really help there. i have however, made a 2" thick pause (dog agility) table, that my 75 ish lb dog jumps on, sits, and lays down on. no problems there yet either. it sits only on a 1" pvc tubing frame. i need to get it outside here shortly though, it has turned into another clutter holding horizontal surface in my house. right now it is holding 1 gallon of tb glue, 1 gallon of primer, my weighted down backpack, and a bunch of other stuff. so i think your shelf idea will be fine. although i am not sure on the 3/4 inch stuff, that maybe too flimsy for a shelf.
if you are going to do spars, i would use wood. we thought about foam spars but they really seemed to be too flimsy. now the bulkhead part, if using 2" i don't see any reason that would not work. i have added a half a wall using (i think) 1 inch stuff and that so far has been fine. but this was not for support, just as a divider. for support i would use the 2" stuff.
now these are only my opinion, from my own personal experience.
welcome to the foamie section. and please don't forget to get lots of
